Nation of Islam dan hak sipil kaum kulit hitam di Amerika Serikat 1930-1976

Abstract

The Nation of Islam has become a place of hatred for blacks against whites because of the racial discrimination they have experienced so far. Many researches on the civil rights of blacks in the United States have been written, but the struggle for civil rights by the Nation of Islam is still lacking, especially in Indonesia. The main discussion of the research is “how were the efforts made by the Nation of Islam in fighting for the civil rights of black people in the United States from 1930-1976?” by using historical research methods (historical methods) which include heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography, with library research techniques in collecting data. The results of this study indicate that the purpose of establishing the Nation of Islam is to save the lives of black people in the United States from all forms of racial discrimination, segregation, and negative stereotypes that lead to the struggle for civil rights. The efforts made by the Nation of Islam are restoring the identity and confidence of the African-American race, developing an independent economy, and establishing relations with other countries. Then the impact that the Nation of Islam had on its struggle for civil liberties was to raise the status of blacks socially and economically, to build a number of black assets in the form of shops, restaurants, schools, land, and a newspaper called Muhammad Speaks.